The Holy Hindu Pilgrimage and India's Largest Holy Festival - Ardh Kumbh and Kumbh Mela

The Kumbh is an extremely sacred and popular Hinduyears at Haridwar, Prayag, Ujjain and Nashik. It is
festival in India which attracts people from all partsinteresting to note that the venue of the Ardh
of the country. Steeped in culture and tradition, theKumbh is based on the planetary position of the Sun,
Hindu religion has festivals for almost every occasion.the moon and Jupiter.
In fact, these festivals are a perfect instance ofIt is interesting to note that if the Kumbh at
unity among diversity. The festivals form an integralAllahabad happens to be on a Monday, then it is
constituent of our art, music and architecture. Itcalled 'Somvati Amavasya'. In this case, the spiritual
casts an immense impact on our literature as well.advantage of the Kumbh increases immensely.
It is a common feature in India that the places ofAccording to the legend in the Puranas, a war broke
pilgrimage are usually located in the mountains orout between the Gods and the Demons in order to
dense forested areas or even, on the banks ofseize the pot which contained the holy 'amrit' or
rivers. The word 'Kumbh' literally means 'Pitcher' andnectar. However, the Demons managed to run away
'Ardh Kumbh' means 'Half Pitcher'.Both are human fairswith the 'amrit'. During their flight, few drops of the
in which, millions of people participate from all overholy nectar fell on 4 places of the earth. These 4
the world. People attend this fair on the banks of theplaces eventually became the venues of the Mela.
holy rivers; Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati inWhen the fair is held at Nasik and Ujjain, it is known
Allahabad. The confluence these 3 rivers at Prayag isas 'Simhastha Kumbh'. This is due to the location of
considered holy by the Hindus.the planet Jupiter in the 'Simha' (Leo) constellation. At
Ardh Kumbh and Kumbh has a mythologicalPrayag, it is known as 'Vrishastha' (i.e. when Jupiter is
background to its credit. People take a holy bathe inin Taurus). When Jupiter is in Aquarius, it is known as
these rivers. They believe that by doing this, they will'Kumbhastha' and the venue is at Haridwar.During the
be purged out from their sins. This is the reason whyArdh Kumbh, the 'sadhus' (Indian sages) go to Ujjain
people come to the Ardh Kumbh even whenalong with their 'Akharas'. The interval between the
transportation is a major problem and the'Simhastha Kumbh' at Nasik and Ujjain is usually one
temperatures are unbearably cold. Maha Kumbh, alsoyear.
known as Poorna Kumbh, is held after every 12